Welcome to Stanford, Piret Ehin! Piret is a Professor of Comparative Politics at the Johan Skytte Institute of Political Studies at the University of Tartu, and she will be spending the next several weeks at Stanford carrying out a research project entitled “Varieties of global populism: the rise of the populist far-right in Estonia.”
Piret Ehin will also be delivering a talk on May 26 on “Populist Civilizationalism Transcending Post-Soviet Cleavages: Evidence from Estonia.” The hybrid talk is open to Stanford affiliates only.
Populist Civilizationalism Transcending Post-Soviet Cleavages: Evidence from Estonia
The rise of right-wing populism has emerged as one of the most significant threats to democracy and liberal values worldwide. While populism is increasingly viewed as a global phenomenon, it takes on many forms and has different causes and consequences in diverse contexts. This presentation addresses the potential of populist civilizationalism to transform political cleavage structures in the Baltic states, notably by downplaying and transcending deeply en-trenched post-Soviet political cleavages (geopolitical, mnemopolitical and ethnic ones). Construing ‘self’ and ‘other’ in civilizational, as opposed to narrowly national or ethnic terms, expands the notion of ‘self’ to include various internal others, notably Russian-speaking minorities, and shifts the focus from historical grievances, the Russian threat and the demographic legacies of Soviet occupation to alleged current threats to the European civilization, such as immigration, Islam, and global liberalism.
This transformation of cleavages entails a significant shift in the position assigned to the European Union: instead of being seen as the guarantor of the (post-Soviet) national ‘self,’ the EU is construed as a liberal globalist threat to the civilizational ‘self’. These claims are supported with examples of rhetoric used by the Conservative People’s Party of Estonia (EKRE). This analysis leads to the conclusion that, paradoxically, the rise of right-wing populism has rendered Estonian politics more global and less post-Soviet.
